arrows with a sharp metallic point (arrowhead) which was powered by the elasticity of the string of the bow.the bow made of a strip of wood which was bent and held in tension by a strip.Medieval Bows and ArrowsĪll medieval armies used bows and arrows, a weapon consisting of: Medieval warfare was in first place characterized by sophisticated sword fighting and daggers were not popular as weapons. The medieval knights usually also had a dagger, double-edged blade used for stabbing which was generally used only as secondary defense weapon in a close combat. Longsword was characterized by a long blade and large cruciform hilts with grip about 6 inches (15 cm) in length. The Viking swords were popular throughout Europe between the 8th and 10th centuries when it was replaced by a single-handed cruciform sword which was use from 11th century to the middle of the 14th century when longsword came in use. Design of the medieval swords was also greatly influenced by the Viking sword which had more acute taper and point, and deep fullers running almost in whole length of the blade. The medieval sword has its origin in the Roman spatha, a sword with a long point measuring about three feet (80-90 cm) which greatly influenced the Germanic ancient swords during the Migration Period (roughly 300-700 AD). ![]() Hilt consisted of a grip (the handle of the sword made of wood or metal), a guard to protect the hand and a pommel which was a counterweight at the top of the handle. Sword consisted of a blade with one or two cutting edges and a sharp or rounded point set in a hilt. The form and designs of swords changed through time and greatly varied from country to country but its basic components remained constant throughout the centuries. Two types of swords were used during the Medieval Times: single-handed short sword with a pointed end and heavy two-handed sword with a rounded end. Medieval knights had always sword ready by their side and often gave them special names. Sword was a symbol of knighthood and was used for both defensive and offensive purposes in close combats. Medieval weapons consisted of an array of hand-held objects but the sword was by far the most popular weapon during the Medieval Times. Nobility during the period of the Middle Ages became regarded as “those who fight” or “those who make war”, while the leading role of chivalry in medieval warfare clearly indicates the term “Age of chivalry” which is often used as synonym for medieval warfare. Thus military service eventually became limited on the members of nobility who could afford the costs of armament, military equipment and absence from their estates for a longer period. ![]() However, equipment for the army which based on heavy chivalry was very expensive. ![]() Military campaigns which usually lasted for several months from spring to autumn had to participate all free men. Incessant private warfare and numerous invasions which marked the period of the Middle Ages required well organized military forces for both defensive and offensive purposes.
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